Discrete lab results from USCGC Healy cruise HLY1202 from the Arctic, North of Alaska in 2012 (OA - Canada Basin project)

Website: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/527780
Version: 09 September 2014
Version Date: 2014-09-09

Project
» Ocean Acidification in the Canada Basin: Roles of Sea Ice (OA - Canada Basin)

Program
» Science, Engineering and Education for Sustainability NSF-Wide Investment (SEES): Ocean Acidification (formerly CRI-OA) (SEES-OA)
ContributorsAffiliationRole
Onac, BogdanUniversity of South Florida (USF)Principal Investigator
Wynn, JonathanUniversity of South Florida (USF)Principal Investigator
Robbins, LisaUnited States Geological Survey (USGS)Co-Principal Investigator, Contact
Gegg, Stephen R.Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI BCO-DMO)BCO-DMO Data Manager


Dataset Description

USGS Arctic Ocean Carbon Cruise 2012: Discrete Underway Laboratory Data
Discrete underway seawater samples that were analyzed in an onshore-laboratory after the HLY 2012 cruise

For aditional information see:
HLY1202 Cruise Report, Appendix E
U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 862 - Methods


Methods & Sampling

Seawater samples were collected from the sampling manifold of the shipboard flow-through seawater system in 300-mL borosilicate glass biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) bottles. Samples were preserved by adding 100 microliters of a saturated solution of mercuric chloride (HgCl2) and were sealed with a ground glass stopper lightly coated with Apiezon grease. Samples were transported to the USGS Carbon Chemistry Lab in St. Petersburg, Fla. Total alkalinity samples were analyzed using an Ocean Optics USB 2000 spectrophotometer, bromol cresol purple indicator dye, and the methods of Yao and Byrne (1998). Total carbon was analyzed using coulometric methods of Dickson and others (2007). Precision and accuracy for these methods was 1 micromole/kg for TA and TCO2.

For aditional information see:
HLY1202 Cruise Report, Appendix E
U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 862 - Methods


Data Processing Description

Seawater samples were collected from the sampling manifold of the shipboard flow-through seawater system in 300-mL borosilicate glass biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) bottles. Samples were preserved by adding 100 microliters of a saturated solution of mercuric chloride (HgCl2) and were sealed with a ground glass stopper lightly coated with Apiezon grease. Samples were transported to the USGS Carbon Chemistry Lab in St. Petersburg, Fla. Total alkalinity samples were analyzed using an Ocean Optics USB 2000 spectrophotometer, bromol cresol purple indicator dye, and the methods of Yao and Byrne (1998). Total carbon was analyzed using coulometric methods of Dickson and others (2007). Precision and accuracy for these methods was 1 micromole/kg for TA and TCO2.

The QA/QC process looked for internal inconsistencies in the data by taking the results calculated using CO2SYS and comparing them with the collected data.

For aditional information see:
HLY1202 Cruise Report, Appendix E
U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 862 - Methods

BCO-DMO Processing Notes
 - Generated from original file: "HLY1202_Discrete_Lab.csv" contributed by Lisa Robbins
 - Parameter names edited to conform to BCO-DMO naming convention found at Choosing Parameter Name
 - Date reformatted from MM/DD/YYYY to YYYYMMDD
 - Time reformatted from HH:MM to HHMM


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Data Files

File
Discrete_Lab.csv
(Comma Separated Values (.csv), 2.41 KB)
MD5:909f4621eb20ba2d3e5aaa5f602304d5
Primary data file for dataset ID 527780

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Parameters

ParameterDescriptionUnits
Sample_ID

Sample identification number. Sample numbers correspond to HLY1202_Discrete_Underway.csv Sample_ID numbers

dimensionless
Date

Date in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC); NIST

YYYYMMDD
Time

Time in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC); NIST

HHMM
Latitude

Latitude (South is negative); WGS 84

decimal degrees
Longitude

Longitude (West is negative); WGS 84

decimal degrees
SST

Seawater Surface Temperature degrees Celsius measured using the USCGC Healy's SBE3 remote temperature probe. This value is the sea surface temperature

Degs Celsius
Salinity

Salt content in Practical Salinity Units measured using the USCGC Healy's SBE45 instrument

PSU
DIC

Dissolved inorganic carbon content of seawater in micromoles per kilogram

umol_kg-1
TA

Total alkalinity seawater in micromoles per kilogram

umol_kg-1-sw


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Instruments

Dataset-specific Instrument Name
pump-ship intake
Generic Instrument Name
Pump - Surface Underway Ship Intake
Dataset-specific Description
Samples were numbered incrementally throughout the duration cruises. A "surface" prefix indicates a sample taken from the ship's flow-through system.
Generic Instrument Description
The 'Pump-underway ship intake' system indicates that samples are from the ship's clean water intake pump. This is essentially a surface water sample from a source of uncontaminated near-surface (commonly 3 to 7 m) seawater that can be pumped continuously to shipboard laboratories on research vessels. There is typically a temperature sensor near the intake (known as the hull temperature) to provide measurements that are as close as possible to the ambient water temperature. The flow from the supply is typically directed through continuously logged sensors such as a thermosalinograph and a fluorometer. Water samples are often collected from the underway supply that may also be referred to as the non-toxic supply. Ideally the data contributor has specified the depth in the ship's hull at which the pump is mounted.

Dataset-specific Instrument Name
SBE 45 MicroTSG
Generic Instrument Name
Sea-Bird SBE 45 MicroTSG Thermosalinograph
Dataset-specific Description
Salt content in Practical Salinity Units measured using the USCGC Healy's SBE45 instrument
Generic Instrument Description
A small externally powered, high-accuracy instrument, designed for shipboard determination of sea surface (pumped-water) conductivity and temperature. It is constructed of plastic and titanium to ensure long life with minimum maintenance. It may optionally be interfaced to an external SBE 38 hull temperature sensor. Sea Bird SBE 45 MicroTSG (Thermosalinograph)

Dataset-specific Instrument Name
SBE-3 Temperature
Generic Instrument Name
Sea-Bird SBE-3 Temperature Sensor
Dataset-specific Description
Seawater Surface Temperature degrees Celsius measured using the USCGC Healy's SBE3 remote temperature probe. This value is the sea surface temperature
Generic Instrument Description
The SBE-3 is a slow response, frequency output temperature sensor manufactured by Sea-Bird Electronics, Inc. (Bellevue, Washington, USA). It has an initial accuracy of +/- 0.001 degrees Celsius with a stability of +/- 0.002 degrees Celsius per year and measures seawater temperature in the range of -5.0 to +35 degrees Celsius. more information from Sea-Bird Electronics

Dataset-specific Instrument Name
Ocean Optics USB 2000 spectrophotometer
Generic Instrument Name
Spectrophotometer
Dataset-specific Description
Samples were transported to the USGS Carbon Chemistry Lab in St. Petersburg, Fla. Total alkalinity samples were analyzed using an Ocean Optics USB 2000 spectrophotometer, bromol cresol purple indicator dye, and the methods of Yao and Byrne (1998). Ocean Optics USB 2000 spectrophotometer
Generic Instrument Description
An instrument used to measure the relative absorption of electromagnetic radiation of different wavelengths in the near infra-red, visible and ultraviolet wavebands by samples.


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Deployments

HLY1202

Website
Platform
USCGC Healy
Report
Start Date
2012-08-26
End Date
2012-09-24
Description
Original cruise data are available from the NSF R2R data catalog USCGC Healy Science-Technical Support Summary From August 25 to September 27, 2012, the United States Coast Guard Cutter (USCGC) Healy was part of an Extended Continental Shelf Project to determine the limits of the extended continental shelf in the Arctic. On a non-interference basis, a USGS ocean acidification team participated on the cruise to collect baseline water data in the Arctic. The collection of data extended from coastal waters near Barrow, Alaska, to 83°2'N., -175°36'W., and southward back to coastal waters near Barrow and on to Dutch Harbor, Alaska. As a consequence, a number of hypotheses were tested and questions asked associated with ocean acidification, including: - What is the saturation state for different parts of the basin? - What factors drive the saturation state in the different parts of the basin? - How does saturation state compare to other regions? - How do the carbon fluxes compare in the different parts of the basin? - What is the buffering capacity of the water (Revelle factor)? - What kind of variability does carbon demonstrate in the Arctic (near shore versus offshore and diurnal)? During the cruise, underway continuous and discrete water samples were collected, and discrete water samples were collected at stations to document the carbonate chemistry of the Arctic waters and quantify the saturation state of seawater with respect to calcium carbonate. These data are critical for providing baseline information in areas where no data have existed prior and will also be used to test existing models and predict future trends.


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Project Information

Ocean Acidification in the Canada Basin: Roles of Sea Ice (OA - Canada Basin)


Coverage: Beaufort Sea, Canada Basin


Extracted from the NSF award abstract:

The proposed research aims to identify mechanisms of ocean acidification and carbonate undersaturation in the Canada Basin of the Arctic Ocean. The investigators will use a 3-year dataset to address the role of two specific mechanisms involving sea-ice processes: (1) surface water freshening and undersaturation resulting from recent enhanced melting of multi-year sea-ice, and (2) surface water undersaturation resulting from a "carbon-pumping" mechanism driven by brine rejection and carbonate mineral precipitation during increasingly cyclical seasonal sea ice growth and decay. The proposed work would expand understanding of the inorganic carbon cycle, air-sea CO2 exchange rates and acidification in the Arctic Ocean. Understanding baselines and how they are changing is important for setting realistic parameters for process studies on the effects of ocean acidification on flora and fauna.

Models project the Arctic Ocean will become undersaturated with respect to carbonate minerals in the next decade.  Recent field results indicate parts may already be undersaturated in late summer months when ice melt is at its greatest extent.  However, few comprehensive datasets of carbonate system parameters in the Arctic Ocean exist.  Researchers from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and University of South Florida (USF) collected high-resolution measurements of pCO2, pH, total dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), total alkalinity (TA), and carbonate (CO3-2) from the Canada Basin that fill critical information gaps concerning Arctic carbon variability.  A Multiparameter Inorganic Carbon Analyzer (MICA) was used to collect approximately 1,800 measurements of pH and DIC along an 11,965-km trackline in August and September 2012. In addition, over 500 discrete surface water samples were taken. These data are being used to characterize and model regional pCO2, pH, and carbonate mineral saturation state. A high-resolution, three-dimensional map of these results will be presented.

Data collected on the August 2012 Arctic Cruise will be used to create regional maps of seawater carbonate parameters, including pCO2 flux/change maps, and derivative maps on saturation state. Maps depicting pCO2 and carbonate saturation states over large latitudinal and nearshore to offshore gradients are needed for the Arctic, where significant decline of carbonate ecosystems, habitats, and calcifying organisms are predicted over the next decade. The data will allow the USGS to map variations in ocean chemistry along designated tracks and will be used in models to predict future Arctic Ocean saturation states.

Note:  Jonathan Wynn is a former Pricipal Investigator for this project



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Program Information

Science, Engineering and Education for Sustainability NSF-Wide Investment (SEES): Ocean Acidification (formerly CRI-OA) (SEES-OA)


Coverage: global


NSF Climate Research Investment (CRI) activities that were initiated in 2010 are now included under Science, Engineering and Education for Sustainability NSF-Wide Investment (SEES). SEES is a portfolio of activities that highlights NSF's unique role in helping society address the challenge(s) of achieving sustainability. Detailed information about the SEES program is available from NSF (https://www.nsf.gov/funding/pgm_summ.jsp?pims_id=504707).

In recognition of the need for basic research concerning the nature, extent and impact of ocean acidification on oceanic environments in the past, present and future, the goal of the SEES: OA program is to understand (a) the chemistry and physical chemistry of ocean acidification; (b) how ocean acidification interacts with processes at the organismal level; and (c) how the earth system history informs our understanding of the effects of ocean acidification on the present day and future ocean.

Solicitations issued under this program:
NSF 10-530, FY 2010-FY2011
NSF 12-500, FY 2012
NSF 12-600, FY 2013
NSF 13-586, FY 2014
NSF 13-586 was the final solicitation that will be released for this program.

PI Meetings:
1st U.S. Ocean Acidification PI Meeting(March 22-24, 2011, Woods Hole, MA)
2nd U.S. Ocean Acidification PI Meeting(Sept. 18-20, 2013, Washington, DC)
3rd U.S. Ocean Acidification PI Meeting (June 9-11, 2015, Woods Hole, MA – Tentative)

NSF media releases for the Ocean Acidification Program:

Press Release 10-186 NSF Awards Grants to Study Effects of Ocean Acidification

Discovery Blue Mussels "Hang On" Along Rocky Shores: For How Long?

Discovery nsf.gov - National Science Foundation (NSF) Discoveries - Trouble in Paradise: Ocean Acidification This Way Comes - US National Science Foundation (NSF)

Press Release 12-179 nsf.gov - National Science Foundation (NSF) News - Ocean Acidification: Finding New Answers Through National Science Foundation Research Grants - US National Science Foundation (NSF)

Press Release 13-102 World Oceans Month Brings Mixed News for Oysters

Press Release 13-108 nsf.gov - National Science Foundation (NSF) News - Natural Underwater Springs Show How Coral Reefs Respond to Ocean Acidification - US National Science Foundation (NSF)

Press Release 13-148 Ocean acidification: Making new discoveries through National Science Foundation research grants

Press Release 13-148 - Video nsf.gov - News - Video - NSF Ocean Sciences Division Director David Conover answers questions about ocean acidification. - US National Science Foundation (NSF)

Press Release 14-010 nsf.gov - National Science Foundation (NSF) News - Palau's coral reefs surprisingly resistant to ocean acidification - US National Science Foundation (NSF)

Press Release 14-116 nsf.gov - National Science Foundation (NSF) News - Ocean Acidification: NSF awards $11.4 million in new grants to study effects on marine ecosystems - US National Science Foundation (NSF)



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Funding

Funding SourceAward
NSF Arctic Sciences (NSF ARC)

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