| Contributors | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Micheli, Fiorenza | Stanford University | Principal Investigator |
| Monismith, Stephen G. | Stanford University | Co-Principal Investigator |
| Woodson, Clifton Brock | University of Georgia (UGA) | Co-Principal Investigator |
| Rauch, Shannon | Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI BCO-DMO) | BCO-DMO Data Manager |
Moored physical and chemical parameters measured by SBE37 at El Rosario and Isla Natividad sites, Mexico.
All instruments were mounted vertically on taut-line moorings. Instruments were deployed and recovered by scuba divers. Data were processed using vendor supplied software and quality controlled to remove bad data (salinity below 30 or above 40, temperature below 4 C or above 30 C, pressure < 1 m). No known issues or problems.
BCO-DMO Processing:
- corrected the Type_Instrument column as Excel had erroneously incremented values in cells;
- replaced missing data/ blanks and 'NA' with 'nd' (no data);
- replaced spaces with underscores.
| Parameter | Description | Units |
| Location | Mooring location/name | unitless |
| Latitude | Latitude; positive values = north | decimal degrees |
| Longitude | Longitude; negative values = west | decimal degrees |
| Type_Instrument | Instrument type | unitless |
| SN_Instrument | Instrument serial number | unitless |
| Country | Country of origin | unitless |
| Site | Region/site | unitless |
| deployment_name | Name of the deployment | unitless |
| Sampling_Interval_minutes | Sampling interval | minutes |
| Date_Time_LT | Time stamp (local standard time); formatted as yyyy-mm-dd_HH:MM:SS | unitless |
| Date_Time_Julian | Julian date/time (January 1 = 1) | unitless |
| Deployment_Date_Time_LT | Date and time of deployment (local standard time); formatted as yyyy-nn-dd_HH:MM | unitless |
| Retrieval_Date_Time_LT | Date and time of retrieval (local standard time); formatted as yyyy-nn-dd_HH:MM | unitless |
| Depth_m | Water depth at location | meters (m) |
| MAB | Meters above bottom | meters (m) |
| Temperature_C | Water temperature | degrees Celsius |
| DissolvedOxygen_mgL | Water dissolved oxygen | milligrams per liter (mg/L) |
| Salinity_PSU | Salt content of water | practical salinity units (PSU) |
| Conductivity_mScm | Conductivity of dissolved solids | microSiemens per cm (mS/cm) |
| Pressure_db | Pressure | decibars |
| Flag | Data quality measurement | unitless |
| Dataset-specific Instrument Name | SeaBIRD SBE37 |
| Generic Instrument Name | CTD Sea-Bird MicroCAT 37 |
| Generic Instrument Description | The Sea-Bird MicroCAT CTD unit is a high-accuracy conductivity and temperature recorder based on the Sea-Bird SBE 37 MicroCAT series of products. It can be configured with optional pressure sensor, internal batteries, memory, built-in Inductive Modem, integral Pump, and/or SBE-43 Integrated Dissolved Oxygen sensor. Constructed of titanium and other non-corroding materials for long life with minimal maintenance, the MicroCAT is designed for long duration on moorings.
In a typical mooring, a modem module housed in the buoy communicates with underwater instruments and is interfaced to a computer or data logger via serial port. The computer or data logger is programmed to poll each instrument on the mooring for its data, and send the data to a telemetry transmitter (satellite link, cell phone, RF modem, etc.). The MicroCAT saves data in memory for upload after recovery, providing a data backup if real-time telemetry is interrupted. |
| Website | |
| Platform | Punta Prieta Buckets |
| Start Date | 2013-03-08 |
| End Date | 2015-03-14 |
| Description | SBE37 deployed at Punta Prieta Buckets mooring from 03/08/2013 to 03/14/2015. |
| Website | |
| Platform | Morro Prieto Buckets |
| Start Date | 2013-03-09 |
| End Date | 2015-09-11 |
| Description | SBE37 deployed at Morro Prieto Buckets mooring from 03/09/2013 to 09/11/2015. |
| Website | |
| Platform | Morro Prieto Pyramid |
| Start Date | 2016-04-11 |
| End Date | 2016-09-15 |
| Description | SBE37 deployed at Morro Prieto Pyramid mooring from 04/11/2016 to 09/15/2016. |
| Website | |
| Platform | El Rosario |
| Start Date | 2013-08-05 |
| End Date | 2017-04-01 |
| Description | SBE37 deployed at Chinatown mooring from 08/05/2013 to 04/01/2017. |
Ocean acidification is increasingly recognized as a significant driver of change in marine ecosystems. In particular, ecosystems in eastern boundary current systems, including the California Current Large Marine Ecosystem (CCLME), routinely experience upwelling driven low pH, low dissolved oxygen (DO) waters in shallow near shore habitats, and these occurrences have been increasing in magnitude and duration over the past decade.
The goal of this project is to study the consequences of ocean acidification and other climate-related changes (dissolved oxygen(DO), temperature) in oceanographic conditions on near shore marine communities over a large scale oceanographic gradient in the CCLME. Understanding how the effects of ocean acidification combined with other climate-related changes on individual marine organisms or life stages will cascade to populations and the services they provide is a high priority for science, management, and policy. By integrating the results of oceanographic field measurements and laboratory experiments in a demographic and bio-economic modeling framework, the present project will advance our understanding of the role of oceanographic variability on the dynamics of marine populations and fisheries. In particular, this research will provide key insights regarding the interactive influences of simultaneous changes in pH, DO, and temperature on nearshore populations and fisheries. By investigating the effects of multiple stressors on coastal marine ecosystems, the project will allow us to better anticipate possible ecological and fishery impacts of increasing frequency and/or intensity of low pH and low DO events. A deeper understanding of the linkages among ocean acidification, coastal oceanographic processes and the health of nearshore marine ecosystems in the CCLME will inform adaptation strategies for future ocean conditions.
The research program will implement a novel individual- to population-level approach to specifically investigate how the direct effects of ocean acidification, alone or in combination with low DO and temperature, on two model species of great ecological and commercial relevance, red and pink abalone, will manifest at the population level, and ultimately, the services these species provide to humans. Researchers will: 1) measure and characterize the temporal variability of pH, DO and temperature in nearshore abalone habitat in Monterey Bay, Central California, and Isla Natividad, Mexico, particularly in relation to the duration and intensity of extreme low pH, low DO events, under alternative scenarios of future climate change, 2) conduct laboratory experiments to investigate the effects of low pH, low DO conditions on the reproductive success, growth, calcification, and survival of juvenile red and pink abalone, and 3) develop demographic and bio-economic models to estimate the impacts of environmental and local anthropogenic stressors on the resilience of abalone populations and to assess what management and conservation strategies, including the implementation of networks of marine reserves, may contribute to buffering the negative effects of increased frequency and/or intensity of low pH and low DO events expected under near-future climate scenarios.
This project will study the capacity of natural systems and human communities to adapt to environmental change. The research program will specifically investigate the impacts of oceanographic variability on coastal marine ecosystems and human communities of the Pacific coast of Baja California, Mexico, and the influences of local and global feedbacks on the resilience and adaptive capacity of these systems. Researchers will (1) characterize coastal oceanographic variability and the patterns and drivers of low-oxygen, or hypoxic, events; (2) assess the impacts of variability, particularly hypoxic events, on nearshore species, ecosystems, and fisheries, and compare these impacts with those of past ENSO events; (3) assess the cultural, social, and economic variables that influence the responses of local communities to these impacts, particularly their willingness and ability to invest in local conservation and adaptation; and (4) assess the willingness of selected groups of U.S. citizens to support these local conservation efforts and determine what factors influence such contributions.
As in a number of other coastal regions, the ecosystems and fisheries off Baja California have been heavily affected by extreme events driven by climate. ENSO events caused significant declines in key resources during 1982-83 and 1997-98, and recent episodes of low oxygen in the California Current region resulted in high mortality of ecologically and commercially important marine species. A better understanding of the capacity of humans and fisheries to adapt to oceanographic variability will help show how to mitigate the social and economic impacts of increased variability due to climate change and growing pressure on natural resources. For example, this project will help allow us to anticipate the occurrence and effects on fisheries of low-oxygen events off western North America, and to design marine reserves so as to buffer them. By examining how the local effects of uncertainty in the ocean can spread more widely in society, the project will lead to broader adaptation strategies. The project will also train undergraduate and graduate students to integrate social and ecological studies, a vitally needed skill in an increasingly crowded world.
NSF Climate Research Investment (CRI) activities that were initiated in 2010 are now included under Science, Engineering and Education for Sustainability NSF-Wide Investment (SEES). SEES is a portfolio of activities that highlights NSF's unique role in helping society address the challenge(s) of achieving sustainability. Detailed information about the SEES program is available from NSF (https://www.nsf.gov/funding/pgm_summ.jsp?pims_id=504707).
In recognition of the need for basic research concerning the nature, extent and impact of ocean acidification on oceanic environments in the past, present and future, the goal of the SEES: OA program is to understand (a) the chemistry and physical chemistry of ocean acidification; (b) how ocean acidification interacts with processes at the organismal level; and (c) how the earth system history informs our understanding of the effects of ocean acidification on the present day and future ocean.
Solicitations issued under this program:
NSF 10-530, FY 2010-FY2011
NSF 12-500, FY 2012
NSF 12-600, FY 2013
NSF 13-586, FY 2014
NSF 13-586 was the final solicitation that will be released for this program.
PI Meetings:
1st U.S. Ocean Acidification PI Meeting(March 22-24, 2011, Woods Hole, MA)
2nd U.S. Ocean Acidification PI Meeting(Sept. 18-20, 2013, Washington, DC)
3rd U.S. Ocean Acidification PI Meeting (June 9-11, 2015, Woods Hole, MA – Tentative)
NSF media releases for the Ocean Acidification Program:
Press Release 10-186 NSF Awards Grants to Study Effects of Ocean Acidification
Discovery Blue Mussels "Hang On" Along Rocky Shores: For How Long?
Press Release 13-102 World Oceans Month Brings Mixed News for Oysters
| Funding Source | Award |
|---|---|
| NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) | |
| NSF Division of Environmental Biology (NSF DEB) |