| Contributors | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Kubler, Janet E. | California State University Northridge (CSUN) | Principal Investigator |
| Dudgeon, Steve | California State University Northridge (CSUN) | Co-Principal Investigator |
| Copley, Nancy | Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI BCO-DMO) | BCO-DMO Data Manager |
This dataset includes measurements of frond area of Plocamium cartilagineum grown under various temperatures and CO2 levels. Biomass-specific growth and dynamic average of weekly growth is also calculated.
Related Datasets:
Plocamium carbon nitrogen and stable isotopes: Plocamium carbon and nitrogen content and stable isotope values, 2014-2015 (Seaweed OA Resilience project)
Plocamium culture carbonate chemistry: Carbonate chemistry in experimental cultures of Plocamium cartilagineum cultured at different temperatures and pCO2 levels (Seaweed OA Resilience project)
Plocamium culture: seawater delta13C: Stable isotope ratio and concentration of carbon in seawater during Plocamium culture experiments, 2014-2015 (Seaweed OA Resilience project)
Plocamium cultures pH and temperature: Plocamium culture pot pH and temperature time-series at 10 minute sampling intervals from 2014-2015 (Seaweed OA Resilience project)
Plocamium exptl treatments summary: Summary of pCO2 and temperature treatment combinations for each culture pot and experimental trial (Seaweed OA Resilience project)
Plocamium pigments: Photosynthetic pigment concentrations in Plocamium cartilagineum, trials 3-8, 2014-2015 (Seaweed OA Resilience project)
Plocamium: pH drift: Carbonate chemistry over a time-course in pH drift experiments with Plocamium growth collected at Catalina Island, 2014-2015 (Seaweed OA Resilience project)
Rapid Light Curves_PAM: Measurements of fluorescence of photosystem II in Plocamium cartilagineum under various and pCO2 and temperature conditions
Plocamium cartilagineum was collected from Catalina Island in June - Nov. 2014 and Jan. 2015.
Culture pots were placed in large thermally insulated coolers in a temperature-controlled water bath at either 15 or 20°C under saturating illumination of ~150 µmoles photons/m^2/s. pCO2 treatments were supplied to closed culture pots by use of a gas mixing system combining Nitrogen, Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide to specific CO2 partial pressures, 20.9% oxygen and the balance being Nitrogen.
Areal growth: Frond pieces were placed under glass without overlap of branches adjacent to a ruler for scale and imaged using an Infinity 2 camera with attached macro lens mounted on a copy stand. Images and calibrated and surface area of fronds measured using Image J. Measurements were taken at the start and end of the trial. For all measures of growth (by surface area [adj_growth], and biomass [growth_biom] and [growth_dyn]) the calculations are specific growth rates, meaning LOG(measure@t2 / measure@t1)/(t2-t1). For surface area measures (adj_growth) and biomass (as growth_biom), t1 is the initial measure at the start of the experiment and t2 is the final measure at the end of the experiment. For biomass (asgrowth_dyn), t1 is the measure at the start of each weeklong interval and t2 is the measure at the end of the interval. Thus, there were typically 3 such intervals during a trial in which growth was measured and the datum in the column growth_dyn represents the average of those interval specific measures over the course of a trial.
Note: Since tagging individual fronds compromised frond performance, all fronds in a culture pot were treated as sub-samples that were summed to give the datum for the culture pot that was treated as the replicate.
Biomass: Frond pieces were gently blotted dry with paper toweling to remove surface water and weighed at weekly intervals to estimate biomass specific growth rates (growth_biom and growth_dyn). Note: since tagging individual fronds compromised frond performance, all fronds in a culture pot were treated as sub-samples that were summed to give the datum for the culture pot that was treated as the replicate.
Note: Trial 1 was a pilot test of culture system and methodological procedures so was not used for data collection in the testing of hypotheses.
See Supplemental Files for a table of culture conditions for each of the 8 trials (pdf).
BCO-DMO Processing Notes:
- added conventional header with dataset name, PI name, version date
- modified parameter names to conform with BCO-DMO naming conventions
- combined data from 3 submitted files: CO2trt_x_pot_trial.csv, Plo_areal_growth_CO2_Temp.csv, Plo_bio_growth_CO2_Temp.csv
- added columns for date_start and date_end; moved trial to first column
- reduced precision of area and growth columns from 7 to 2 decimal places and adj_growth from 9 to 5 places.
| File |
|---|
Plocamium_growth_biomass.csv (Comma Separated Values (.csv), 5.31 KB) MD5:5b512b854249b6fcb1f4fa5ae82e815b Primary data file for dataset ID 726452 |
| File |
|---|
Table of culture conditions for each of the 8 trials filename: Dudgeon_seaweed_trial_meta_2018-01.pdf (Portable Document Format (.pdf), 429.04 KB) MD5:5a4a9cbd3cb5092a419b4883c96979b8 Notes: Trial 1 was a pilot test of culture system and methodological procedures so was not used for data collection in the testing of hypotheses. In each culture pot, pCO2 was set by the supply rate of CO2 in the corresponding mass-flow controlled gas mixing system to be within a target range of either near ambient, moderately elevated or highly elevated in each trial. The near-ambient range was narrower than the other target ranges (set points typically ~380 - 390 micro-atm) as it served as the control range in each trial. However, actual pCO2 in solution in each culture pot varied slightly from constant target values on a diurnal cycle associated with the metabolic activities of the algae contained within each pot. Unique average values of pCO2 in each culture pot based on different set values for each mass-flow controlled mixer within the qualitative ranges of ambient, moderate and highly increased pCO2 levels that were replicated in each trial of the experiment enabled a more powerful regression-type experimental design. With a regression type approach we could estimate the functional relationship between response variables and pCO2, which was not possible with a simple categorical treatment design. |
| Parameter | Description | Units |
| pot | culture pot identifier | unitless |
| pCO2 | partial pressure of dissolved CO2 | microatmospheres (uatm) |
| temp | Temperature | degrees Celsius |
| trial | experimental trial consisting of 3 PCO2 levels with one always ~380 as control | unitless |
| date_start | start date for trial formatted as yyyy-mm-dd | unitless |
| date_end | end date for trial formatted as yyyy-mm-dd | unitless |
| area_t0 | frond surface area on day 0 (start) | square centimeters (cm^2) |
| area_end | frond surface area at expt. end | square centimeters (cm^2) |
| days | Number of days for experimental trial | days |
| adj_growth | Area-specific growth rate | square centimeters/square centimeters/day (cm^2/cm^2/day) |
| growth_biom | biomass-specific growth between t=0 and t=19 or 20 or 21 days | milligrams/gram/day (mg/g/day) |
| growth_dyn | dynamic average of weekly growth rates over the 3-4 week experiment | milligrams/gram/day (mg/g/day) |
| pCO2_target_range | Relative range for the target pCO2. See Supplemental Files for the table of culture conditions for each of the 8 trials. | unitless |
| Dataset-specific Instrument Name | Aqua Logic Cyclone Chiller |
| Generic Instrument Name | Aquarium chiller |
| Dataset-specific Description | Used to control the temperature of the growth chambers. |
| Generic Instrument Description | Immersible or in-line liquid cooling device, usually with temperature control. |
| Dataset-specific Instrument Name | Lumenera Corp. Infinity 2 2.0 Megapixel Color CCD Camera, Navitar TV Zoom 7000 Macro lens |
| Generic Instrument Name | Camera |
| Dataset-specific Description | To take images of fronds for area measurements. |
| Generic Instrument Description | All types of photographic equipment including stills, video, film and digital systems. |
| Dataset-specific Instrument Name | Qubit Systems Mass Flow Controllers (MFC) |
| Generic Instrument Name | Mass Flow Controller |
| Dataset-specific Description | Used to mix gasses: Nitrogen, 1 L/min; Oxygen, 250 ml/min; CO2, 2 ml/min. |
| Generic Instrument Description | Mass Flow Controller (MFC) - A device used to measure and control the flow of fluids and gases |
| Dataset-specific Instrument Name | Mettler Toledo AG204 Delta Range Analytical Balance |
| Generic Instrument Name | scale |
| Dataset-specific Description | To measure biomass of fronds |
| Generic Instrument Description | An instrument used to measure weight or mass. |
Benthic macroalgae contribute to intensely productive near shore ecosystems and little is known about the potential effects of ocean acidification on non-calcifying macroalgae. Kübler and Dudgeon will test hypotheses about two macroalgae, Ulva spp. and Plocamium cartilagineum, which, for different reasons, are hypothesized to be more productive and undergo ecological expansions under predicted changes in ocean chemistry. They have designed laboratory culture-based experiments to quantify the scope for response to ocean acidification in Plocamium, which relies solely on diffusive uptake of CO2, and populations of Ulva spp., which have an inducible concentrating mechanism (CCM). The investigators will culture these algae in media equilibrated at 8 different pCO2 levels ranging from 380 to 940 ppm to address three key hypotheses. The first is that macroalgae (such as Plocamium cartilagineum) that are not able to acquire inorganic carbon in changed form will benefit, in terms of photosynthetic and growth rates, from ocean acidification. There is little existing data to support this common assumption. The second hypothesis is that enhanced growth of Ulva sp. under OA will result from the energetic savings from down regulating the CCM, rather than from enhanced photosynthesis per se. Their approach will detect existing genetic variation for adaptive plasticity. The third key hypothesis to be addressed in short-term culture experiments is that there will be a significant interaction between ocean acidification and nitrogen limited growth of Ulva spp., which are indicator species of eutrophication. Kübler and Dudgeon will be able to quantify the individual effects of ocean acidification and nitrogenous nutrient addition on Ulva spp. and also, the synergistic effects, which will inevitably apply in many highly productive, shallow coastal areas. The three hypotheses being addressed have been broadly identified as urgent needs in our growing understanding of the impacts of ocean acidification.
NSF Climate Research Investment (CRI) activities that were initiated in 2010 are now included under Science, Engineering and Education for Sustainability NSF-Wide Investment (SEES). SEES is a portfolio of activities that highlights NSF's unique role in helping society address the challenge(s) of achieving sustainability. Detailed information about the SEES program is available from NSF (https://www.nsf.gov/funding/pgm_summ.jsp?pims_id=504707).
In recognition of the need for basic research concerning the nature, extent and impact of ocean acidification on oceanic environments in the past, present and future, the goal of the SEES: OA program is to understand (a) the chemistry and physical chemistry of ocean acidification; (b) how ocean acidification interacts with processes at the organismal level; and (c) how the earth system history informs our understanding of the effects of ocean acidification on the present day and future ocean.
Solicitations issued under this program:
NSF 10-530, FY 2010-FY2011
NSF 12-500, FY 2012
NSF 12-600, FY 2013
NSF 13-586, FY 2014
NSF 13-586 was the final solicitation that will be released for this program.
PI Meetings:
1st U.S. Ocean Acidification PI Meeting(March 22-24, 2011, Woods Hole, MA)
2nd U.S. Ocean Acidification PI Meeting(Sept. 18-20, 2013, Washington, DC)
3rd U.S. Ocean Acidification PI Meeting (June 9-11, 2015, Woods Hole, MA – Tentative)
NSF media releases for the Ocean Acidification Program:
Press Release 10-186 NSF Awards Grants to Study Effects of Ocean Acidification
Discovery Blue Mussels "Hang On" Along Rocky Shores: For How Long?
Press Release 13-102 World Oceans Month Brings Mixed News for Oysters
| Funding Source | Award |
|---|---|
| NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) |