Dataset: EN658 Sentry Dive Summary

Name: Summary of AUV Sentry dives conducted on R/V Endeavor cruise EN658 from Narragansett, Rhode Island to Gulfport, Mississippi in October and November of 2020
Published: 2023-12-03
Keywords: sentry, Gulf of Mexico, Western Atlantic Margin, (2793), (2812), (2813), oceans

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Spatial Extent: N:32.49499 E:-76.19096 S:23.9873333 W:-91.27955

Methane seep sites along the Western Atlantic margin and within the Gulf of Mexico.

Temporal Extent: 2020-10-27 - 2020-11-04

Project:

Collaborative Research: dispersal depth and the transport of deep-sea, methane-seep larvae around a biogeographic barrier (SALT)

Principal Investigator:

Shawn M. Arellano (Western Washington University - Shannon Point Marine Center, SPMC)

David B. Eggleston (North Carolina State University - Center for Marine Science and Technology, NCSU CMAST)

Craig M. Young (University of Oregon, OIMB)

Co-Principal Investigator:

Ruoying He (Western Washington University, WWU)

BCO-DMO Data Manager:

Shannon Rauch (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, WHOI BCO-DMO)

Amber D. York (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, WHOI BCO-DMO)

Version:

Version Date:

2023-12-03

Restricted:

Validated:

Current State:

Data not available

Summary of AUV Sentry dives conducted on R/V Endeavor cruise EN658 from Narragansett, Rhode Island to Gulfport, Mississippi in October and November of 2020

Abstract:

This dataset is a summary of the AUV Sentry dives that occurred on R/V Endeavor cruise EN658 in the Western Atlantic margin and Gulf of Mexico (from the University of Rhode Island to Gulfport, Mississippi) in October and November of 2020. This was the second sampling cruise of a series of four for the project titled "Collaborative Research: dispersal depth and the transport of deep-sea, methane-seep larvae around a biogeographic barrier", also called "SALT" for short.

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Methods & Sampling

The autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) Sentry is part of the National Deep Submergence Facility (NDSF). Following in the wake of its predecessor, ABE, Sentry is a fully autonomous underwater vehicle capable of exploring the ocean down to 6,000 meters (19,685 feet) depth. Sentry builds on ABE's success with improved speed, range, and maneuverability. Sentry's hydrodynamic shape also allows faster ascents and descents.

Sentry carries a superior science sensor suite and enjoys an increased science payload enabling it to be used for both mid-water and near-seabed oceanographic investigations. Sentry produces bathymetric, sidescan, subbottom, and magnetic maps of the seafloor and is capable of taking digital bottom photographs in a variety of deep-sea terrains such as mid-ocean ridges, deep-sea vents, and cold seeps at ocean margins. Sentry is uniquely able to operate in extreme terrain, including volcano caldera and scarps. Sentry's navigation system uses a doppler velocity log and inertial navigation system, aided by acoustic navigation systems (USBL or LBL). The USBL system also provides acoustic communications, which can be used to obtain the vehicle state and sensor status as well as to retask the vehicle while on the bottom. In addition its standard sensors, Sentry has carried a variety of science-supplied sensors, including the Nakamura redox potential probe, ACFR 3-D imaging system, and the Tethys in-situ mass spectrometer.

Like ABE before it, Sentry can be used to locate and quantify hydrothermal fluxes. Sentry is also capable of a much wider range of oceanographic applications due to its superior sensing suite, increased speed and endurance, improved navigation, and acoustic communications. Like ABE, Sentry can be used as a stand alone vehicle or in tandem with Alvin or an ROV to increase the efficiency of deep-submergence investigations.

(from https://www.whoi.edu/what-we-do/explore/underwater-vehicles/auvs/sentry/; accessed 08-27-2024)

A series of 200-meter vertical plankton net tows were also conducted to supplement the Sentry dives (see "Related Datasets" section).

BCO-DMO Processing

BCO-DMO Processing:
- removed 'NA' as missing data value (appears as blank/empty in final csv);
- renamed fields to comply with BCO-DMO naming conventions.
- version 1 of this dataset was revised before public release to become two separate datasets (this one "EN658 Sentry Dive Summary" and "EN658 Handnet Deployment Summary")
- date re-formatted into an ISO 8601 format.
- datetime with timezone column added "Launch_DateTime" using the Date and Launch_time columns.
- columns added for consistency with related datsets Cruise_ID, Vehicle, and format of Dive_Number column changed to integer.

More Information about this dataset

Funding Sources

Funding Source	Award Number
NSF Division of Ocean Sciences	OCE-1851286
NSF Division of Ocean Sciences	OCE-1851383
NSF Division of Ocean Sciences	OCE-1851421

Deployments

Deployment	Synonyms	Start Date	Platform	Investigator
EN658	SALT Fall 2020 cruise	2020-10-22	R/V Endeavor	Shawn M. Arellano (Chief Scientist)	data info

Instruments

AUV Sentry

Supplied Name:

Supplied Description:

AUV Sentry with SyPRID attached.

Instrument Type

Generic Name: AUV Sentry

Generic Description:

The autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) Sentry is a fully autonomous underwater vehicle capable of exploring the ocean down to 6,000 meters (19,685 feet) depth. Sentry builds on the success of its predecessor the ABE, with improved speed, range, and maneuverability.

Sentry's hydrodynamic shape also allows faster ascents and descents. Sentry carries a superior science sensor suite and an increased science payload enabling it to be used for both mid-water and near-seabed oceanographic investigations. Sentry produces bathymetric, sidescan, subbottom, and magnetic maps of the seafloor and is capable of taking digital bottom photographs in a variety of deep-sea terrains such as mid-ocean ridges, deep-sea vents, and cold seeps at ocean margins. Sentry is uniquely able to operate in extreme terrain, including volcano caldera and scarps. Sentry's navigation system uses a doppler velocity log and inertial navigation system, aided by acoustic navigation systems (USBL or LBL). The USBL system also provides acoustic communications, which can be used to obtain the vehicle state and sensor status as well as to retask the vehicle while on the bottom. In addition its standard sensors, Sentry has carried a variety of science-supplied sensors, including the Nakamura redox potential probe, ACFR 3-D imaging system, and the Tethys in-situ mass spectrometer.

Sentry can be used to locate and quantify hydrothermal fluxes. Sentry is also capable of a much wider range of oceanographic applications due to its superior sensing suite, increased speed and endurance, improved navigation, and acoustic communications. Sentry can be used as a stand alone vehicle or in tandem with Alvin or an ROV to increase the efficiency of deep-submergence investigations.

More information is available from the operator site at URL: http://www.whoi.edu/main/sentry

Sentry Precision Robotic Impeller Driven Sampler

Supplied Name: SyPRID

Supplied Description:

Instrument Type

Generic Name: Sentry Precision Robotic Impeller Driven Sampler

Acronym: SyPRID Sampler

Generic Description:

The SyPRID (Sentry Precision Robotic Impeller Driven) sampler is an innovative deep-rated (6000 m) plankton sampler that partners with the Sentry Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) to obtain paired, large-volume plankton samples at specified depths and survey lines to within 1.5 m of the seabed and with simultaneous collection of sensor data.

SyPRID uses a perforated Ultra-High-Molecular-Weight (UHMW) plastic tube to support a fine mesh net within an outer carbon composite tube (tube-within-a-tube design), with an axial flow pump located aft of the capture filter. The pump facilitates flow through the system and minimizes the bow wave at the mouth opening. The cod end, a hollow truncated cone, is also made of UHMW plastic and is designed to 'soften' the landing of zooplankton on the capture surface. SyPRID attaches as a saddle-pack to the Sentry vehicle.

Sentry itself is configured with a flight control system that enables autonomous survey paths to altitudes as low as 1.5 m. In its inaugural deployment at the Blake Ridge Seep (2160 m) on the US Atlantic Margin, SyPRID was operated for 6 h at an altitude of 5 m. It recovered plankton samples from that stratum in excellent condition and with greater larval numbers than recovered in a typical 'near-bottom' MOCNESS sample from comparable habitats and depths. The prototype SyPRID and its next generations will enable studies of plankton or other particulate distributions associated with patchy habitats, localized physico-chemical strata (e.g., above and below the thermocline), or discrete water masses at an unprecedented spatial resolution for a large volume system [1].

More information is available by contacting:
Carl Kaiser
Program Manager
Applied Ocean Physics & Engineering
NDSF AUV Operations Manager
Office Phone: +1 508 289 3269
ckaiser@whoi.edu

[1] Billings, A., Kaiser, C., Young, C. M., Hiebert, L. S., Cole, E., Wagner, J. K. S., & Van Dover, C. L. (2017). SyPRID sampler: A large-volume, high-resolution, autonomous, deep-ocean precision plankton sampling system. In Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography (Vol. 137, pp. 297–306). Elsevier BV. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2016.05.007

Parameters

Date and time formats are described in python strftime() syntax.

Supplied Name	Supplied description	Supplied Units	Standard Name
Dive_Number	The dive identification number	unitless	dive_id
Cruise_ID	Cruise Identifier	unitless	cruise_id
Vehicle	Vehcile name	units	instrument
Date	Date of the Sentry deployment (UTC time zone) Format: %Y-%m-%d	unitless	date
Site_Name	The name of the sample site	unitless	site
Lat	Latitude of the deployment dive	decimal degrees	lat
Lon	Longitude of the deployment dive	decimal degrees	lon
Launch_DateTime	Datetime with timezone of Sentry deployment in ISO 8601 format (UTC as Z). Format: %Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ	unitless	ISO_DateTime_UTC
Launch_time	Time of Sentry deployment; given in UTC	unitless	time
Surf_time	Time Sentry returned to the surface; given in UTC Format: %H:%M:%S	unitless	time
Port_volume	Volume of water filtered by the Port side sample tube in SyPRID	liters (L)	volume
Port_time_pumping	The amount of time the Port side sample tube was open and spent filtering water; given in hours and minutes (e.g. "4hr 30min")	unitless	time_elapsed
Port_hab	The height above bottom at which the Port sampler was open and filtering water	meters (m)	altitude
Stbd_volume	Volume of water filtered by the Starboard side sample tube in SyPRID	literes (L)	volume
Stbd_time_pumping	The amount of time the Port side sample tube was open and spent filtering water; given in hours and minutes	unitless	time_elapsed
Stbd_hab	The height above bottom at which the Port sampler was open and filtering water	meters (m)	altitude
notes	Additional pertinent information regarding the running and operation of Sentry and SyPRID	unitless	comment

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Dataset: EN658 Sentry Dive Summary