Dataset: Meteorological Data

Name: Meteorological data from the Tudor Hill Marine Atmospheric Observatory, Bermuda in 2017, 2019, 2020, 2021 and 2022
Published: 2024-03-13
Keywords: marine meteorology, Northwest Atlantic, SOLAS, oceans

Cite This Dataset

DOI:10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.731478.2

Spatial Extent: N:32.2646 E:-64.8791 S:32.2646 W:-64.8791

Tudor Hill Marine Atmospheric Observatory in Bermuda, western North Atlantic Ocean,

Temporal Extent: 2017-01-01 - 2022-12-31

Project:

Operation of a Community Marine-Atmospheric Sampling Facility at Tudor Hill, Bermuda (THMAO)

Program:

United States Surface Ocean Lower Atmosphere Study (U.S. SOLAS)

Principal Investigator:

Andrew Peters (Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences, BIOS)

Contact:

Andrew Peters (Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences, BIOS)

BCO-DMO Data Manager:

Karen Soenen (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, WHOI BCO-DMO)

Amber D. York (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, WHOI BCO-DMO)

Version:

Version Date:

2024-03-13

Restricted:

Validated:

Yes

Current State:

Final with updates expected

Meteorological data from the Tudor Hill Marine Atmospheric Observatory, Bermuda in 2017, 2019, 2020, 2021 and 2022

Abstract:

The BIOS Tudor Hill Marine Atmospheric Observatory (THMAO) has been supported by the NSF Chemical Oceanography and Atmospheric Chemistry Programs following a major refit in 2003. Since that time it has provided a unique research facility for the scientific community. The specific objectives are: 1) To operate and maintain a state-of-the-art marine atmospheric sampling and observing facility at Tudor Hill, Bermuda, available for use by the wider U.S. and international research community; 2) To continue the collection of continuous meteorological data and weekly bulk-aerosol and rainwater samples, which will be archived at BIOS and made freely available to other researchers; 3) To collect additional atmospheric samples and data for other investigators (primarily in longer-term time-series programs), and to provide for the use of the facility in person by other investigators (primarily in shorter-term intensive programs).

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Archival Copy

Version Date	Archive	Persistent Identifier (PID)	Date PID Issued
2024-03-13	Marine Biological Laboratory/Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Library (MBLWHOI DLA)	10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.731478.2	2024-03-13

Description

Meteorological data and aerosol sampling data from the Tudor Hill Marine Atmospheric Observatory, West Bermuda (32.2646,-64.8791).

Data covers the years 2017, 2019, 2020, 2021 and 2022.

Methods & Sampling

The Tudor Hill Marine Atmospheric Observatory comprises of field laboratories and a 23 m walk-up tower. The tower is equipped with a suite of meteorological instruments to measure wind speed and direction, air temperature and relative humidity, and rainfall. Barometric pressure is recorded inside one of the laboratory vans at the site. All data are recorded on a data logger, with regular data transfer and on- and off-site data archiving.

Data logger:

2017-2024: Campbell Scientific CR1000
2024-current: Campbell Scientific CR1000X

Meteorological Equipment:

Wind Speed & Direction: RM Young model 05103
3D Wind (since 2022): RM Young Sonic Anemometer model CST3
Temperature & Relative Humidity: Vaisala model 41382
Barometric Pressure: Campbell Scientific EE181
Rainfall: RM Young Tipping Bucket model 52203

Data Processing Description

Loggernet software (Campbell Scientific) was used to download data from the Campbell Scientific data logger during weekly site maintenance visits. The protocol was updated in 2024 to include better notification of invalid data.

BCO-DMO Processing

BCO-DMO Data Manager Processing Notes:

Version 1
* added a conventional header with dataset name, PI name, version date
* modified parameter names to conform with BCO-DMO naming conventions
* multiple codes per "Note" value changed from comma delimited to ; (e.g. "P1:MOFF, P2:MOFF, P3:MOFF" -> P1:MOFF; P2:MOFF; P3:MOFF) to support csv output. Quotation marks also removed in these cases.
* No data value "nan" in the original dataset will be displayed as "nd" for no data.

Version 2
* added data from the years 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022
* Removed columns Pump1_Status, Pump2_Status, Pump3_Status, Pump1_Runtime, Flow1, Sample_volume1, Pump2_Runtime, Flow2, Sample_volume2, Pump3_Runtime, Flow3, Sample_volume3 & Notes(unnecessary for reuse) at submitters request.
* Added instrument Temperature/Relative Humidity probe (Vaisala, model 41382)

Data Files

File
731478_v2_meteo.csv (Comma Separated Values (.csv), 234.75 MB) MD5:1381e080b611ae59cfda021391095390 Primary data file for dataset ID 731478, version 2

More Information about this dataset

Funding Sources

Funding Source	Award Number
NSF Division of Ocean Sciences	OCE-1735504
NSF Division of Ocean Sciences	OCE-1829686
NSF Division of Ocean Sciences	OCE-2123053

Deployments

Deployment	Synonyms	Start Date	Platform	Investigator
Tudor_Hill_Observ		2017-01-01	shoreside Bermuda	Andrew Peters (Principal Investigator)	data info

Instruments

Anemometer

Supplied Name: RM Young/05103

Supplied Description:

Wind speed and direction with 4 blade prop and vane (data parameters: Mean_WS, VectorMean_WS, and VectorMean_WD)

Instrument Type

Generic Name: Anemometer

Community Identifier: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/101/

Generic Description:

An anemometer is a device for measuring the velocity or the pressure of the wind. It is commonly used to measure wind speed. Aboard research vessels, it is often mounted with other meteorological instruments and sensors.

Anemometer

Supplied Name: 3D sonic anemometer (Campbell Scientific, model CST3)

Supplied Description:

Instrument Type

Generic Name: Anemometer

Community Identifier: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/101/

Generic Description:

Barometer

Supplied Name: Campbell Scientific/ EE181

Supplied Description:

Barometric pressure (data parameter: BP_mmHg_Avg).

Instrument Type

Generic Name: Barometer

Community Identifier: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L22/current/TOOL0281/

Generic Description:

A barometer is an instrument used to measure atmospheric pressure. There are many types of barometers identified by make and model and method of measurement.

Data Logger

Supplied Name: Campbell Scientific CR1000 logger

Supplied Description:

12V measurement and control data logger.

Instrument Type

Generic Name: Data Logger

Generic Description:

Electronic devices that record data over time or in relation to location either with a built-in instrument or sensor or via external instruments and sensors.

Flow Meter

Supplied Name: Sierra Instruments/Fast-Flo 620S

Supplied Description:

Insertion air flow sensor, one for each of the 3 pumps (Flow #1,#2 & #3 data parameters).

Instrument Type

Generic Name: Flow Meter

Community Identifier: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/388/

Generic Description:

General term for a sensor that quantifies the rate at which fluids (e.g. water or air) pass through sensor packages, instruments, or sampling devices. A flow meter may be mechanical, optical, electromagnetic, etc.

Precipitation Gauge

Supplied Name: Tipping Rain Gauge (RM Young/ 52203)

Supplied Description:

Tipping bucket rain gauge, 0.1mm per tip (data parameter: Rain_Tot).

Instrument Type

Generic Name: Precipitation Gauge

Acronym: PrecipGauge

Community Identifier: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/381/

Generic Description:

measures rain or snow precipitation

Young 41382 relative humidity and temperature probe

Supplied Name: Temperature/Relative Humidity probe (Vaisala, model 41382)

Supplied Description:

Instrument Type

Generic Name: Young 41382 relative humidity and temperature probe

Generic Description:

The Model 41382 Relative Humidity/Temperature Probe combines high accuracy humidity and temperature sensors in a single probe. The output signal is 0-1V (standard) or 0-5V (user selected option) for both relative humidity and temperature. RH range is 0-100%, temperature range is -50 to +150 deg F. The relative humidity precision is +/- 1% while the temperature precision is +/- 0.5 deg F.

Parameters

Date and time formats are described in python strftime() syntax.

Supplied Name	Supplied description	Supplied Units	Standard Name
TIMESTAMP	Date and time (UTC) of measurement in format "yyyy-mm-dd HH:MM" Format: %Y-%m-%d %H:%M	untiless	DateTime
RECORD	Record number from logger	unitless	sample
Mean_WS	Mean wind speed	meters per second (m/s)	wind_speed
ResultantMean_WS	Vector mean wind speed	meters per second (m/s)	wind_speed
ResultantMean_WD	Vector wind direction	degrees	wind_dir
StdDev_WD	Vector mean wind direction standard deviation	degrees	wind_dir
SonicU	3D wind speed data in the 3 axes: U	meter per second (m/sec)	sample_descrip
SonicV	3D wind speed data in the 3 axes: V	meter per second (m/sec)	sample_descrip
SonicW	3D wind speed data in the 3 axes: W	meter per second (m/sec)	sample_descrip
SonicTemp_C	Air Temperature	degrees Celsius	temp_air
batt_volt_Min	Minimum voltage of logger	volts direct current (VDC)	sample_descrip
Rain_Tot	Total rainfall	millimeters (mm)	precip_level
AirTempC_Avg	Air Temperature	degrees Celsius	temp_air
RH_Avg	Average relative humidity	percent (%)	humidity
BP_mmHg_Avg	Average air pressure	millimeters of mercury (mmHg)	press_bar